قرآن مجید کے قدیم اور جدیداُردو تراجم کے اسلوب کا جائزہ

A Critical Review of the Stylistic Features of Classical and Modern Urdu Translations of the Holy Qur’an

Abstract

This study explores the stylistic evolution of Urdu translations of the Holy Qur’an, with a particular focus on the approaches adopted by classical and modern translators. The research aims to analyze how linguistic style, translational methodology, and intellectual orientation have influenced the understanding of Qur’anic meanings among Urdu readers. By employing a qualitative and comparative method, selected Qur’anic verses are examined across major classical translators such as Shah Waliullah’s sons Shah Rafi‘ al-Din and Shah ‘Abd al-Qadir Dehlavi and prominent modern translators including Abul A‘la Maududi, Amin Ahsan Islahi, Wahiduddin Khan, and Tahir-ul-Qadri. The findings reveal that classical Urdu translations primarily adhered to a literal and word-for-word approach, emphasizing semantic fidelity and preservation of the original Arabic structure. This method ensured doctrinal accuracy but often resulted in dense and less idiomatic Urdu. In contrast, modern translations demonstrate a meaning-oriented and communicative style, employing fluent, contemporary language and incorporating explanatory expressions to make Qur’anic guidance accessible to the modern reader. While this approach enhances comprehension and relevance, it occasionally blurs the boundary between translation and interpretation.  The study concludes that classical and modern Urdu translations of the Qur’an are not mutually exclusive but rather complementary. Classical translations provide linguistic precision and scholarly depth, whereas modern translations facilitate broader understanding and practical engagement with the Qur’anic message. The research recommends integrating both styles in academic curricula and future translation projects to achieve a balanced and comprehensive approach to Qur’anic translation studies.