شیخ نجم الدینؒ کی تفسیر التأویلات النجميہ کے منہج و اسلوب کا علمی و تحقیقی جائزہ

An Academic and Analytical Study of the Methodology and Style of Sheikh Najm al-Din’s Tafsir Al-Taʾwilat al-Najmiyyah

Abstract

Tafsir Al-Ta’wilat al-Najmiyyah by Shaykh Najm al-Din is a famous Sufi commentary of the Qur’an. It was later completed by Ala al-Dawlah al-Simnani under the title Ayn al-Hayat. This tafsir is one of the important spiritual commentaries written in the 7th century Hijri and reflects the Sunni approach to Sufism. Shaykh Najm al-Din focused not only on the outer meanings of the Qur’an but also on its inner and spiritual lessons. His main aim was to guide people on the path of self-purification (tazkiyah) and closeness to Allah. He interpreted verses with the help of examples, symbols, and spiritual insights, while remaining within the teachings of the Qur’an and Sunnah. He rejected extreme or deviant Sufi beliefs such as hulul (incarnation) and wahdat al-wujud (unity of existence). He also criticized wrong ideas of groups like the Qadariyyah, Jabariyyah, Shiah, and philosophers. His style combines deep knowledge, clear expression, and beautiful language. This tafsir shows how Sufism can stay connected to the Shariah and offers spiritual lessons through reflection, reason, and revelation. Overall, this work provides a balanced example of how Islamic mysticism can remain faithful to orthodox Islam.